Health Care and Profits
Nate Silver parses George Will - “The government does not need to make a profit and will have greater leverage with providers; therefore it will deliver the same service for less money. That’s unfair! ” - and discusses why he thinks the profit motive doesn’t necessarily lead to the best outcomes in the health insurance business.
I’m a big believer in the profit motive in 99 percent of all cases. If the government decided to open a non-profit hamburger stand, I doubt that it would compete successfully against Five Guys. If it tried to open a non-profit airline, I doubt that it could offer the same value as JetBlue. Insert joke about General Motors and/or the Post Office here. The point is, I think the profit motive is generally well worth it in terms of the incentives it creates to cut costs, develop new products, improve customer service, and so forth.
But health insurance is not like those things.
Insurance exists because of the decreasing marginal utility of income: most people would rather have a 100% chance of paying $300 a month than a 1% chance of paying $30,000 a month. In fact, our hypothetical customer — let’s call him Frederick, after George F. Will’s middle name — might very well accept a 100% chance of paying $400 a month rather than take 1% chance of having to pay $30,000, which he might not be able to afford. This is true even though Frederick will lose $100 on this deal in an average month.
There’s nothing wrong with this arrangement — the customer has improved his marginal utility and the insurance company has made $100. It’s a win-win.
The thing is, though, that the insurer hasn’t had to work particularly hard for his $100. He hasn’t had to figure out how to cook up tastier fries or save you a few bucks off the cost of your next flight to Orlando. All he has to do is to have a bunch of money pooled together, such that he has a different marginal utility curve than you do. He has the luxury to accept the risk of unlikely outcomes, particularly if he can hedge his position by making the same deal with other customers, most of whom won’t wind up requiring an angioplasty or cataract surgery, even if Frederick does…
